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Fig. 2.
Apoptotic activity (red, TUNEL-positive cells; green, transplanted hBMSCs (eGFP); yellow, transplanted hBMSCs with apoptotic activity; scale bars indicate 50 μm, 2 days after hBMSC transplantation or hBMSC transplantation and bFGF treatment). (A) Injury with hBMSC transplantation. (B) Injury with hBMSC transplantation and bFGF treatment. (C) Quantitative results of the apoptotic activity. (D) The number of viable hBMSCs in unit graft area. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this paper.)
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Immunohistological analysis showed the highest MG-132 of astrocyte and neuronal marker expression in the hBMSC transplantation with bFGF treatment group. Although most of the cells in the TBI area were astrocytes in both the hBMSC transplantation and hBMSC transplantation with bFGF treatment groups, the hBMSC transplantation with bFGF treatment group showed a larger amount of neurons than did the hBMSC transplantation-alone group (Fig. 3). In addition, bFGF affected astrocyte penetration into the TBI area in hBMSC transplantation. The hBMSC transplantation with bFGF treatment group showed a greater amount of astrocyte penetration into the TBI area than did the hBMSC transplantation group (Fig. 3), and this penetration compensated for the TBI cavity caused by brain infarction. The no-treatment group did not show any astrocyte penetration into the TBI cavity and showed little neuronal marker expression around the TBI.