Septic systems are defined as facilities that are built to carry liquid wastes from our homes and prevent soil and water pollution. They are typically used for wastewater treatment and for preventing biological and nutrient contaminants. The conventional type includes gravity and pressure distribution systems. Aerobic treatment unit (ATU), mound, and sand filtration facilities are classified under the alternative type category.
Conventional Systems
Gravity
As the name suggests, these make use of the force of gravity for the drainage purpose. Due to gravity, the effluent (water mixed with wastewater) flows through the septic tank into the drainage field. The drainage field consists of a series of trenches. The location of the drainage must be such that it lies below the outlet level of the tank; the reason being the working of the facility using gravity. The trenches must have their bottoms lying on natural, undisturbed soil. A water table or hard pan acts as a restrictive layer in this process. For this reason, the bottom of the trenches must be situated at a location that is 3 - 4 feet above any such restrictive layer. The soil that lies between the foot of the trenches and the water table plays an important role in this process. It is utilized in the final treatment of the effluent or the wastewater. When the effluent makes its http://www.chictopia.com/terpbagge3
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