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Not at all. Catholicism is a form of Christianity. both belive in the trinity, it's just that Christians follow more closly with Jesus more than the father and the holy sprit.

No... Christianity is centered around the ideals of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit, not just Catholicism.

You have to understand that the early founders of the Christian church were Catholic. If you read the apostles creed it says

I believe in the Holy Ghost;
The holy Catholic Church; etc...

The father is God the father. Even Jesus talks about how his Father in heaven knows things that he doesn't even know. An example would be that Jesus said that his father knew when he would return, but he didn't.

Jesus is the son of God hence the son

Then the spirit is mentioned heavily by Christ

Whats bizarre? When you take a religion and factionalize it, its branches are sure to fight each other. Denominations form due to different interpretations of scripture, yet most of them aren't guilty of false doctrine and/or blasphemy.

Go to http://www.gotquestions.org/denominations-Christian.html for more info.

I would say yes, but for different reasons other that "Father, Son, and Holy Spirit."
Christ as both fully human and fully divine is the cornerstone of Christianity. Even the weakest secular definition of Christianity has to acknowledge the divinity of Christ. Otherwise, we have no Christianity.

If they practice, and teach things contrary to Biblical teachings, then I cannot accept them as brethren. We do have a right, indeed a God given obligation, to look at what others teach and compare them to the scriptures. If it is found to contradict said scriptures, we are to reject it completely. We can, and should, reject anyone who teaches anything that is not aligned with the word of God.

I agree with you. I personally do not call "Catholics" Christians. I talked to a few Catholics and I spend sometime studying what they believe. And a lot of them, I didn't say all, but alot of their views do not line up with the Word of God.

Also, Peter, Paul, and all of the Disciples was not Catholics. Back then, there were only a few religions. And Christianity had only one branch, and that is through the Son that He is the way, the truth, and the life. The Disciples are the followers of Jesus. Back then, I am not sure if they call themselves of anything of religion, or being part of thereof. But the true Christianity is not Catholics or any other religions that we have today. It did not started with that. It started with Jesus Christ. That is what I like to call, "New Testament Christianity."

I'm sticking wioth not acknowledging Catholics as Christians just like I don't acknowledge Mormons as Christians either. Just the basic belief in Christ being divine doesn't define a sect or faction as Christian. Muslims believe in Jesus, does that make them Christians? Are they going to Heaven?