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 Posted: Tue Jul 08, 2008 2:00 pm
Ulkuuncs = Language name
Well, first off, we need the alphabet. Duh. These examples are based off of my pronunciation of American English, so, probably a western… nevermind. I’ll put up actual IPA/ X-Sampa examples later.
A – Hat
E – Bet
I – Bi
O – Cot This is really ‘aa’, but a little closer to ‘u’.
U – Tug
These are held twice as long as the above.
Aa – Lawn
Ee - Lane
Ii - Meal
Oo - Bone
Uu - Swoon
Consonants:
Because I am a lazy guy, REALLY lazy, I’m going to steal the Hungarian consonants and their pronunciations almost completely until I can think of a way to modify it, kk? From the beginning to the letter z, the letters are pronounced like in English.
B - Bed
D - Dead
F - Far
G - Gallop
H – Hat
K - Kerosene
L - Lamp
M - Meal
N - Not
P - Pie
T - Tie
V - Veil
Z - Zealous
C – bats
Cs - Chair
Dz - roads
Dzs - Jam
J - Yes
R – Japanese ‘r’
S - Ship
Sz - Sat
Zs - measure
Consonants written twice in a row are held for twice as long, similar to the vowels. If you have a double-letter sound, write the first letter first, once again, stealing from Hungarian.
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Posted: Tue Jul 08, 2008 2:17 pm
Blah, I first thought about this when I decided to give affixes/cases another try. My first thought train was about the verbs. I was all, say every verb ends in –aassz. The person doing the action would be notated by a change in that ending there, while an infix would be placed to indicate the objects. Also, now that I think of it, let’s say that the stem of each verb must end in a double consonant. Let’s say the verb munaakkaassz is ‘to say.’ Let’s pretend that em is the first person singular indirect object, and azs is the third person neuter singular direct object also, we’ll say that ika is the ending for the second person feminine singular subject, and that Dzsa is a negative marker, place at the beginning. Dzsamunaakkemazsika ( dzsamunaakkemazsika.mp3 - 0.31MBjamunaakkemazhika) would then mean, ‘don’t say it to me.’ Get it? They don't exist. At the time of writing this. I realized that I hadn't created any set rules for this. Hehe. So, let's deal with this now. Or later, but soon, in any case. How about we just start out with the pronouns, eh? They'll go in this sort of manner: I.masculine.singular//I.masculine.plural I.feminine.singular//I.feminine.plural I.neuter.singular//I.neuter.plural II.masculine.singular//II.masculine.plural II.feminine.singular//II.feminine.plural II.neuter.singular//II.neuter.plural III.masculine.singular//III.masculine.plural III.feminine.singular//III.feminine.plural III.neuter.singular//III.neuter.plural The plural neuter pronouns can be used for a group of people with people of both genders, you know, like a group of schoolchildren. The singular neuter can be used if you do not know what gender the listener is, like in the title. If you wish to explain what case a noun is taking the form of, if you use it in a verb, such as the phrase above, you can simply add the appropriate case ending in a way that will be explained later. Nominative. The nominative pronouns are the pronouns that indicate the performer of the action. Examples are 'I' 'you' and 'she.' These may or may not become obsolete, as verb conjugations come about. But, for the meantime, let's just say that they can be used, at the very least, as emphasis. Taam…Taamdzs Taan…Taandzs Taat…Taacs Kaam…Kaamdzs Kaan…Kaandzs Kaat…Kaacs Njaam…Njaamdzs Njaan…Njaandzs Njaat…Njaacs As you may have noticed, all the genders have a specific ending; -m denotes masculinity, -n denotes femininity, and -t denotes neutrality. You also add either a -dzs or -cs depending on whether the final consonant in the singular is voiced or not, unless it is a 'd' or 't,' in which case it is removed and just completely replaced with the plurality marker. You may have also noticed that they all have the vowel 'aa' in them, and no other vowel. This indicates nomination. The vowel will change depending on the case. Accusative. This is effectively the direct object, or the noun that is having the action performed upon them. Examples in English are 'him' or 'her.' Tuum...Tuumdzs Tuun...Tuundzs Tuut...Tuucs Kuum...Kuumdzs Kuun...Kuundzs Kuut...Kuucs Njuum...Njuumdzs Njuun...Njuundzs Njuut...Njuucs This time, the 'uu' vowel indicates the accusative tense. Dative. The dative case is the indirect object. Examples are 'to him' and 'to me.' The dative generally indicates that a pronoun like 'to' or 'for' is being used, once again, 'for me,' or 'to him.' Tum...Tumdzs Tun...Tundzs Tut...Tucs Kum...Kumdzs Kun...Kundzs Kut...Kucs Njum...Njumdzs Njun...Njundzs Njut...Njucs The 'u' is marking the dative case. Genitive. The genitive case is used to show possession. For example 'mine' and 'yours.' Teem...Teemdzs Teen...Teendzs Teet...Teecs Keem...Keemdzs Keen...Keemdzs Keet...Keecs Njeem...Njeemdzs Njeen...Njeendzs Njeet...Njeecs Obviously, 'ee' denotes the genitive. As I'm lazy, I'll just give examples of the final three cases, and explain what vowel they take. If someone is having trouble, I will post up the chart. Locative. This case indicates the location of something. And example from Wikipedia is 'I live in China.' These are indicated with 'a.' Ablative. This case shows the action of something moving away from something else. The ablative will be used on the object that is being moved away from, not the mover awayer. stare Marked with an 'oo.' Instrumental. Shows something being used by something else. The instrumental is used on the thing that is being used, not the user. Marked with an 'i.' Abessive. This case is used to show the absence of something. This needn't be used with nouns if the verb is negative, unless you wish to say 'don't give me nothing!' Marked with an '-ii.'
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Posted: Thu Jul 10, 2008 8:47 pm
Okay, now we have nouns and how they decline. Since the whole system is really based off of vowels, we'll keep that. Remember the above NOT REAL example? Let's use that, okay?
Dzsamunaakkemazsika. Let's change it so it makes more sense with what I now have. Munaakk-kaan-njuut-tumaacsiik. Notice the '-' between each morpheme(?) that has the same initial as the final before it. This is so that each is distinguished. It'll be pronounced some way once I think of another noun to go there. In any case let's say that you wanted to say that the 'njuut' was a piece of advice. Let's pretend that advice is 'albaat,' okay? Now, in order to make sure that you can tell that it is not in the nominative case, which it is in now, you would change the 'aa,' which will always be the final vowel, to an 'uu,' causing it to become 'albuut,' which you would place after the verb, making something like 'Munaakk-kaan-njuut-tumaacsiik albuut!' or 'Don't give me that advice!' Get it? The same applies for all third person nouns, and not ever a first or second person noun. At least not for now.
Now, let's says that you want to say something like 'Don't give me my own advice!' Because the only pronouns a verb will hold are the subject and the objects, you need to use the genetive on 'albuut.' You could simply say, 'albuueet,' but that doesn't specify who the advice belongs to. So, for 'my advice,' you add a 't' to the beginning and replace the final letter/consonant cluster, unless it is a vowel, with 'm', making is talbuueem. Now, if the first letter is a consonant, add an 'a' after the 't' or 'k' or 'nj.'
The verb ending '-aassz' only changes for tense and negativity, not for number or person, both of which are indicated by the nominative pronoun inside the verb itself. '-aassz' is the present tense affirmative form of a verb. This changes to '-aacsiik' in a negative present tense verb. -csiik will always denote negativity, and the vowel will change depending on the tense. Hurrah!
You will now get to learn all of the tenses and their negative sides. Keep in mind that this list is subject to change, and that I haven't gotten it completely figured out yet, especially those verbs that need helping verbs, like 'have eaten.'
Simple Present. This is the now, 'I run,' 'she laughs,' etc.
-aassz//-aacsiik
Simple Past. This is just things like, 'I fell,' 'you cried,' etc. NOT things like 'I was falling,' or 'you were crying.'
-eessz//-eecsiik
Simple Future. This is the future tense without any helping verbs, similar to the above simples.
-issz//-icsiik
Simple Command. This is just like saying 'Don't run!' or 'Catch!' I'm not sure if I will simply have this be a tense, or if I should make it just use the second person as a subject... For now it'll be both, although I may change it... Give me your ideas, please.
-ussz//-ucsiik
Progressive. This is a phrase like 'I am running,' 'he is eating.' The 'ii' used in this conjugation is also used in diphthongs to make phrases like 'I was running,' as well as being used by itself to make 'I am running.'
-iissz//-iicsiik
Subjunctive. Hurrah. Subjunctive. The subjunctive is used when you refer to an action that may or may not have even taken place. As my little SparkCharts thing says: 'The subjunctive expresses actions that are uncertain, doubtful, possible, or desired.' This can also be used in diphthongs with the simple past as well as the past progressive and the conditional to create the imperfect subjunctive. This can be used in phrases such as 'If she ran,' or 'If he were old.' Also, the phrases 'If I ate that,' and 'if I had eaten that,' both are translated the same way.
-assz//-acsiik
Perfect Tenses. This is the 'have' in 'I have eaten,' at least, that is how I view it.
-uussz//-uucsiik
Conditional. This is pretty much using 'would' or 'could' or even 'should.' Combining the conditional with another tense makes it 'can.' 'I can speak ' makes a diphthong of the 'aa' and the 'oo.'
-oossz//-oocsiik
Erg. I realize that this is actually a little weird, so if anyone wouldn't mind helping me with the verb system, that'd be great. biggrin
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Posted: Fri Jul 11, 2008 8:56 pm
Vocabulary. This is likely as not the dictionary for this whole operation, so pay attention here. Words will likely not have anything to do with each other, even if they're related. You may also notice that there is not any word for a member of the family. This is because, at birth and on, while learning this, nobody calls the dad 'dad or the mom 'mom.' They call the dad 'Frank' or 'Bill,' and the mom 'Mary' or 'Sue.' So, each family member is identified by name. If to friends have dads with the same name, then their word for dad is the same. Get it?
Anyway, the word letter set up thing (not word order, this is for making words.) is something like:
(V)C(V)(C,V,CC,VV)(V,VV) Nevermind. Once again, I hadn't planned anything out, and it's a tad too complicated for me. I'll just make up words at random.
Word order is, at the very least, V(O/S)Adj./Adv./Time/Etc.
acaat - wet
aflaat - feather, wing
albaat - saying, advice
beet - pleasure, happiness
cagillaassz - to drink, swallow(a liquid), to gargle
dootiilaa - tree, tall yucca plant, anything tall and leafy
dzanaal - underworld, Hel(l), death
egreniissaassz - sprout, grow (as a plant, or hair)
Galjaniillaassz - to be made of, to appear to be
hinaa - Earth, planet, globe, generally spherical object inhabited by (a) lifeform(s)
Jaaccsaassz - to communicate face-to-face explicitly non-verbally, to use sign language
kanaal - sea, large body of water, usually salty, but not necessarily
kjuliimmaassz - to occur, happen
Kukaassaassz - to move about in any manner, to go, to travel
Majukaannaassz - to kill, murder, assassinate
monaal - something that leaves a mark(graphite, ink, etc)
Munaakkaassz - to say, tell, talk, communicate face to face* with verbal language
neraan - what
nerin - statement of confusion or questioning
nire - when
palnaag - bread, rolls, anything risen with yeast
parotaakkaassz - to have, to hold, to keep, to basically have in your possession
rapaak - paper, something that is written on
Sanooppaassz - to communicate non-face to face in any fashion (non-verbal, verbal)
tjelaa - cuttable dairy product, such as cheese or butter
ujor - now, at this moment
ulkaant - ancestor, parent, elder (relative)
zsaak - snake, slithery creature, generally reptile
*face to face meaning you can see the other person, whether it be in a video or in real life
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Posted: Sun Jul 13, 2008 6:51 pm
Other small grammatical matters.
Clauses:
Hrm. Clauses are separated by the word kaj, added before the subordinate clause. Also, relative clauses are notated the same as subordinate clauses, at least for the time being. Here are some English examples from Wikipedia that I'll change to fit:
I met a man and a woman yesterday. The woman, who had a thick French accent, was very pretty. (The relative clauseis 'who had a thick French accent.')
Yesterday I met man and woman. Woman was pretty, kaj with accent French pronounced.
John's wife, who is beautiful, ran away. (There is no relative clause here, I just wanted an example of... something...)
Wife of John ran-away, (she) is beautiful.
Here's a notation of a subordinate clause:
Grim, who took Hissy's life, went away to the underworld.
Killed Hissy Grim, kaj he went down to underworld.
Majukaannanjuunanjaameessz hisiijuu grimjaa, kaj kukaassnjuteessz dzanul
What do you think?
Adjectives.
Adjectives change similarily to pronouns, but only for gender, not person or number. Acaam, acaan, acaat. They do, however, need to agree with the type of case being used in the modified noun, as well as come before the noun.
In the dictionary, they will be presented in the neuter form.
Compound Subjects.
To make a compound subject or whatever, add 'e' after the noun case. So, 'bread and cheese' as the subjects would be 'palnaaeg tjelaae.' In a verb, the pronoun is simply pluralized. See my translation of 'If all the world were paper...' for an example.
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Posted: Sun Jul 13, 2008 6:52 pm
To be.
There is no way you can say 'I am happy/sad/funny/etc.' with the verb 'to be.' You have to say 'I have happiness/sadness/funniness/etc.' You know. Also, the verb 'to like' is expressed as, 'I have pleasure with...'
Because I was thinking about this from the Translation forum, 'to be filled' as in 'my hovercraft is full of eels.' There way you would express this is by saying 'fill-they-it hovercraft-my-acc eels-nom,' using the verb 'to fill.' If you just wanted to say 'my hovercraft is full (of assorted junk),' you'd say 'fills-it-it hovercraft-my-acc.' Get it? Since you're not specifying the filler, you can just leave out that part.
Proper nouns.
Look at the Grim and Hissy example. See how the nominitive form would be hisiijaa or grimjaa? Notice the j before the 'aa.' This indicates Properness... generally for names. Duh. All propern ouns must end in 'j,' and no other nouns may end in 'j.'
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Posted: Sun Jul 13, 2008 6:55 pm
Translations from around the site. If All the World Were Paper...Galjaniillnjitnjaatassz rapik hinaa, Galjaniillnjitnjaacsassz acit monil kanaaldzs, Galjaniillnjicsnjaacsaassz palnieg tjelie dootiilaa, Carillnjuutataamdzsoossz neruun?
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Posted: Sun Jul 13, 2008 9:17 pm
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Posted: Sun Jul 13, 2008 9:21 pm
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Posted: Sun Jul 13, 2008 9:23 pm
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Posted: Sun Feb 21, 2010 8:10 pm
xD
Reading back over this, it makes me wonder if I was high or something when I came up with this. It's sooo ridiculous.
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