The main components of ribosomes are proteins and RNA. Fabrication of protein is their primary task. Its presence is generally noticed in ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum). However, cytoplasm has ribosomes scattered throughout its area. They, as a cell organelle, are the most significant element of any cell whether plant or animal.
The honor of discovering a Ribosome belongs to George Palade, a cell biologist from Romania, with the aid of an "Electron Microscope". His theory that stated ribosomes are granules or dense elements earned him a Nobel Prize. In 1958, Richard B. Roberts gave the organelles its name 'Ribosome'. From 1970s only, its molecular structure was known. However, in 2000, a more perfect structure has been discovered with the help of a microscope of higher resolution.
Occurrence
It is present in all Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes and is the most significant constituent as it fabricates the protein that is comparatively more of these cell organelles.
The significance of protein synthesis can be easily observed in cells by the presence of numerous http://www.angieslist.com/research/carpet-cleaning/ Ribosomes traveling independently in the cell. In Eukaryotes, synthesis of three r-RNA takes place within nucleolus while the fourth synthesizes exterior to nucleolus and is then transferred to nucleolus for assembling them. Proteins move into the nucleolus and a combination of 4 r-RNA and this protein takes place that helps in formation of larger and smaller subunits that are two structures of ribosomes. Prior to protein fabrication, the subunits combine exterior to nucleus. Synthesis occurs in cytoplasm for Prokaryotes. In the absence of ribosomes, messages cannot be read and fabrication of protein is not possible.
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