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How modern Lithium-based batteries work

Old nickel-based batteries had the memory effect, meaning if you repeatedly did only shallow discharges the battery would “remember” this, resulting in decreased capacity. But this is not true for Lithium-based batteries; the kind modern laptops are equipped with. In fact only performing full discharges can harm them.

Lithium batteries don’t do well with extremes: meaning if you do a very small discharge to 90% or a big one to 0%. The optimal discharge for a Lithium-based battery would be to 50%. I know this isn’t possible to accomplish every time, but do try to plug in your laptop once the battery drops to 20-30%.

There’s also a myth stating you shouldn’t leave the battery in the laptop while A/C is plugged in. Actually, the fact it’s plugged in while it’s fully charged doesn’t harm the battery. Once the battery is charged to 100% it stops receiving charging energy. Instead your laptop’s power supply will receive it directly.

There is one problem though: if your laptop gets too hot while the battery is inside, that can harm it. So you either make sure the laptop has proper ventilation (using a cooling pad is a good idea) or you remove the battery while you’re using the laptop plugged in. Extreme heat is the no. 1 enemy of batteries.

What is battery calibration?

Modern batteries are “smart”, they can tell us how much time we have until they are completely discharged. But after lots of shallow discharges these readings become inaccurate. This may lead to an unexpected shutdown or sleep while Windows reported there was still 30% battery power left just moments ago. As we discussed above, Lithium-based batteries don’t do well with repeated full discharges, so calibration is required to make sure battery readings are accurate.

Battery calibration is a very simple concept: all you have to do is let the battery run from 100% to 0% and then charge it back to 100% again. This will calibrate the battery power meter. While doing full discharge regularly can harm the battery, doing a calibration every 2-3 months can make sure you are aware of your true battery energy levels at all time to prevent full discharges.


How to perform battery calibration manually

There are utilities and even a BIOS feature that you can use to calibrate your laptop’s battery, but the most simple, straightforward way is to do it manually. Here’s what you need to do:

Step 1

Charge your laptop battery to 100%.

Step 2

Keep your laptop plugged in (you can use it normally) for about 2 hours. This will allow the battery to cool after the charging process.



Step 3

Go to Start and type “power” in the search box and select "Power Options" or go to Control Panel - Hardware and Sound - Power Options. For your current power plan (the one that is checked) select “Change plan settings”.



Click on “Change advanced power settings”.

Step 3 - Windows Advanced Power Options
Step 3 - Windows Advanced Power Options
Now you need to make sure your laptop sleeps or hibernates at 5% battery. For that you need to go the “Battery” and for “Critical Battery Action” – “On Battery” select Sleep or Hibernate.