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Thanks, and yes to the first question what are the beleifs based on and stuff like that
Judaism has only one belief, that there is only one deity, G0D, aka HASHEM aka names with a higher spiritual value, more on that later. Everything else in the religion is either a commentary or an act of devotion to the premise of monotheism.
That's the be all end all answer... Hear oh Israel, The Lord is G0D, The Lord is One.
Comparing to other religions, we're not a pagan or sacred earth based religion or a cult of personality, but a sacred text based religion. We have a large collection of writings that either tell of G0D's greatness or how to show respect to G0D for all his greatness miracles and creations.
So yeah, believing in G0D and more importantly that G0D actually does things, is the first step on the way to knowing what it is to be Jewish.