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 Posted: Fri Sep 24, 2004 7:08 am
The Sentence continued...
Al Jumlah Al Fi3liyah: Another aspect
Today we'll take a look at another aspect of the Jumlah Al-Fi3liyah. In the pas t lesson we learned that a Jumlah Fi3liyah is made up of:
Verb Subject Object
Now, we will discuss [size = 18]حُروف الجَر ([H]uroof Al-Jar). What are [H]uroof Al-Jar? A [h]arf means "letter", but these are not always letters:
مِن sad Min):From
إلى: (Ila): To
عن : 'an : ِAdv. Of / Prep. About; On
على : 'ala : Upon
فِي: (Fee): In (within)
ك sad The letter Kaf): Like (similar to)
ل : (The letter Lam): (Because; belonging to)
ب: (The letter Ba'): (Within)
Please not that the A[h]ruf Al-Jar have more than one meaning, and more than one use and meaning. Don't worry, we won't take each one, we'll just take Ila and 3an for now. They can be used in a Jumlah Fi3liyah and in a Jumlah Ismiyah, but for now, we'll only do Jumlah Fi3liyah.
ذَهب أحمدٌ الى المدرسةِ
(Dhahaba A[h]madun Ila-lmadrasati)
Ahmad went to [the] school.
Examine this sentence, it has a verb:
Dhahaba: [He] Went
It has a subject:
Ahmad
And it has two things:
[H]arf Jar: Ila
and Ism Majroor:
Al-Madrasah
[H]arf Jar literally means "dragging letter", imagine the word "Ila" dragging the word "Al-Madrasah". Al-Madrasah is an Ism Majroor (dragged name).
The means by which Ila drags Al-Madrasah is the vowel sound the Kasra (remember the /i/ sound?). That's why it's pronounced "Al-Madrasati" with an /i/ at the end: because Ila is dragging it blaugh .
In this sentence, "Ila" means "To". So Ahmad went to school.
تَكَلَّمَ الولدُ عن المدرسةِ
(Takalama Al-waladu 3an-lmadrasati)
The boy talked about [the] school.
Verb:
Takalama: [He] talked
Subject:
Al-Waladu: The boy
[H]arf Al-Jar: 3an
Ism Majroor: Al-Madrasati.
This is the same thin, but with a different subject (The boy) and a different [h]arf Jar (3an).
In here, 3an means "about", so the boy talked about the school.
New vocabulary:
Dhahaba: Went (male)
Dhahabat: Went (Female)
Dhahabaa: Went (dual- male)
Dhahabataa: Went (dual - female)
Dhahaboo: Went (Plural - male)
Dhahabna: Went (Plural - female)
Dhahabnaa: Went (Plural) "we went"
Dhahabtum: Went (Plural) "you went"
Dhahabtu: Went (Singular) "I went"
Dhahabtuma: Went (double) "you went"
Takalama: Talked (male)
Takalamat: Talked (female)
Takalamaa: Talked (dual - male)
Takalamataa: Talked (dual -female)
Takalamoo: Talked (plural - male)
Takalamna: Talked (plural - female)
Takalamnaa: Talked (plural) "we talked"
Taklamtum: Talked (plural) "you talked"
Takalamtu: Talked (singular) "I talked"
Takalamtuma: Talked (double) "you talked"
Al-Walad: The Boy (singular)
Al-Waladaan: The Boys (double)
Al-Awlad: The boys (plural)
To be continued later on today, before we move on...
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Posted: Fri Sep 24, 2004 8:22 am
I don't understand what you mean by "dual." Like...two people? Is that different from plural?
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Posted: Fri Sep 24, 2004 11:45 am
Yeah, by Dual, I mean two people. Because in Arabic you have Singular, Dual, and Plural. You'll get the hang of it quickly though, I'll make sure to include that in the following lesson so I don't confuse anyone much.
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Posted: Fri Sep 24, 2004 12:23 pm
Forms of words
Let's learn about the forms of a word in Arabic. We'll use a word as our model:
كِتاب (Kitaab): Book
Assume we have two books, we write it in dual form:
كِتابان (Kitaabaan): Two books
What about if we have many books?
كُتُب (Kutub): Many books
Easy enough. Let's try: عامِل (`aamil), meaning 'worker'.
عامِلان (`aamilaan): two workers
عُمَّال (`ummaal): many workers
However, in `aamil, we could also have a female form: عامِلة (`aamilah). This word too has a dual and plural form:
عامِلَتان (`aamilataan): Two female workers
عامِلات (`aamilaat): Many female workers
I hope this helped clear up the singular, dual, and plural forms. Now let's move on to the ضمائر ([D]ama'ir). These are very easy, in English these would be: Me, us, you, them, him, her, he, she.
أنا : ('anaa) : I, me
نحن : (Na[h]nu) : Us, we
أنتَ : (Anta) : You (male)
أنتِ : (Anti) : You (female)
أنتما : (Antumaa): You (dual for male and female)
أنتم : (Antum) : You (male - plural)
أنتن : (Antunna) : You (female - plural)
هو : (Huwa) : Him, he
هي : (Hiya) : Her, she
هم : (Hum) : Them, they (male, plural)
هما : (Humaa): Them, they (male and female, dual)
هن : (Hun) : Them, they (female, plural)
As you can see, they're pretty easy to learn because you're just changing the ending to make it dual or plural. Arabic is very logical when it comes to things like that (and parsing, but that's a nightmare).
That's it for today. I'll try posting more often so as to keep you from losing interest, but yeah this should be enough for a while.
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Posted: Fri Sep 24, 2004 2:42 pm
Ayyar Yeah, by Dual, I mean two people. Because in Arabic you have Singular, Dual, and Plural. You'll get the hang of it quickly though, I'll make sure to include that in the following lesson so I don't confuse anyone much. Thanks for clearing that up whee
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Posted: Fri Oct 01, 2004 8:28 am
Because my language is adapted from millions of language, one of them from Arabic, I've got some words in common
Huruf : alphabet???
Kitab : Book
Baca : Read
Tulis : Write
And a lot more .... (I can't remember it all)
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Posted: Fri Oct 01, 2004 8:55 am
MAUT Because my language is adapted from millions of language, one of them from Arabic, I've got some words in common Huruf : alphabet??? Kitab : Book Baca : Read Tulis : Write And a lot more .... (I can't remember it all) I think Huruf is right...I know I heard that word when discussing the alphabet in arabic class >__>
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Posted: Sat Oct 02, 2004 12:13 pm
Quote: Huruf : alphabet??? Kitab : Book Baca : Read Tulis : Write Huruf sad Actually, the preffered plural is "Ahruf", but Huruf is acceptable) Literally, it means 'letters', as in the letters of the Alphabet. If you wanted to say Alphabet in Arabic, you would say Al-Ahruf Al-Abjadiyah. "The Abjadian (I think) letters". The word Abjadiyah comes from the original arrangement of the letters of the Arabic language: Abjad, Hawaz, etc. You'll notice that many alphabets that are reffered to as Abjads have this order of letters (they also have no vowels, like Arabic). Such alphabets are Hebrew and Aramaic. Also, interestingly enough, you can still find the Abjad ordering in the English Alphabet as well: ABCD, KLMN, and QRST can all be traced back to: Abjad, Kalamun, and Qarshat. These are the phrases used to make remembering the letters easy. (Of course that's just me theorizing but it makes sense) Kitab: Book (Yeah, you got that correct). Baca: Not read, there's no C in Arabic, and if we say "Baka" then it means "He cried". To say 'he read' you would say "Qara'a". Tulis: Umm... can't think of a word that resembles Tulis, but if you want' to say 'he wrote', you would say: Kataba. Out of curiosity, what language do you speak? It sounds very interesting, especially with such similarities to Arabic.
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Posted: Fri Oct 08, 2004 7:04 am
MAUT Because my language is adapted from millions of language, one of them from Arabic, I've got some words in common Huruf : alphabet??? Kitab : Book Baca : Read Tulis : Write And a lot more .... (I can't remember it all) Baab: door. xd
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Posted: Fri Oct 08, 2004 7:06 am
Ayyar Quote: Huruf : alphabet??? Kitab : Book Baca : Read Tulis : Write Huruf sad Actually, the preffered plural is "Ahruf", but Huruf is acceptable) Literally, it means 'letters', as in the letters of the Alphabet. If you wanted to say Alphabet in Arabic, you would say Al-Ahruf Al-Abjadiyah. "The Abjadian (I think) letters". The word Abjadiyah comes from the original arrangement of the letters of the Arabic language: Abjad, Hawaz, etc. You'll notice that many alphabets that are reffered to as Abjads have this order of letters (they also have no vowels, like Arabic). Such alphabets are Hebrew and Aramaic. Also, interestingly enough, you can still find the Abjad ordering in the English Alphabet as well: ABCD, KLMN, and QRST can all be traced back to: Abjad, Kalamun, and Qarshat. These are the phrases used to make remembering the letters easy. (Of course that's just me theorizing but it makes sense) Kitab: Book (Yeah, you got that correct). Baca: Not read, there's no C in Arabic, and if we say "Baka" then it means "He cried". To say 'he read' you would say "Qara'a". Tulis: Umm... can't think of a word that resembles Tulis, but if you want' to say 'he wrote', you would say: Kataba. Out of curiosity, what language do you speak? It sounds very interesting, especially with such similarities to Arabic. He speaks Malaysian whee ...but I don't know if that's his first language or not
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Posted: Fri Oct 08, 2004 11:11 am
It's Indonesian and very,very,very,very,very X 2000 similar to Malaysian BUT we speak as if an American differs from British (slangs,some rude words,different way of writing, use of aphostrophes ,etc. ) If I was speaking in my everyday's language (informal) I wouldn't have going anywhere talking with Joe Maya blaugh whee
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Posted: Mon Oct 25, 2004 7:55 am
askhanswhat MAUT Because my language is adapted from millions of language, one of them from Arabic, I've got some words in common Huruf : alphabet??? Kitab : Book Baca : Read Tulis : Write And a lot more .... (I can't remember it all) Baab: door. xd maas: table whee (i know many other words) 3nodding sweatdrop xd
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Posted: Mon Oct 25, 2004 12:26 pm
sugar_noor askhanswhat MAUT Because my language is adapted from millions of language, one of them from Arabic, I've got some words in common Huruf : alphabet??? Kitab : Book Baca : Read Tulis : Write And a lot more .... (I can't remember it all) Baab: door. xd maas: table whee (i know many other words) 3nodding sweatdrop xd oomi!! and akhi and heea and hoowa...like I know little words. But I'm learning Qur'anic arabic, not a dialect. I want to learn a dialect though. 3nodding
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Posted: Mon Oct 25, 2004 3:04 pm
Quote: maas: table (i know many other words) Umm... Tawila for table. I think maas is from another language though..
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Posted: Tue Oct 26, 2004 1:55 am
Ayyar Quote: maas: table (i know many other words) Umm... Tawila for table. I think maas is from another language though.. opps
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