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January 5 – Colombia recognizes the independence of Panama.

January 28 – United States troops leave Cuba after being there since the Spanish-American War.

March 18 – Einar Dessau uses a short-wave radio transmitter, becoming the first radio broadcaster.

April 19 – The Anglo-Persian Oil Company, now BP, is incorporated.

June 9 – Alice Huyler Ramsey, a 22-year-old housewife and mother from Hackensack, New Jersey, becomes the first woman to drive across the United States. With 3 female companions, none of whom could drive a car, for 59 days she drives a Maxwell automobile 3,800 miles, from Manhattan, New York to San Francisco, California.

July 26 – Work on the anti-aircraft gun commences

November 11 – The U.S. Navy founds a navy base in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.

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February 18 – The first official air mail flight takes place from Allahabad, India to Naini, India, when Henri Pequet carries 6,500 letters a distance of 13 km.

March 24 – Denmark abolishes the death penalty and flogging.

March 29 – The United States Army formally adopts the M1911 pistol as its standard sidearm, thus giving the gun its 1911 designation.

April 13 – Mexican Revolution: Rebels take Agua Prieta on the Sonora–Arizona border; government troops take the town back April 17 when the rebel leader "Red" López is drunk.

May 15 – The United States Supreme Court declares Standard Oil to be an "unreasonable" monopoly under the Sherman Antitrust Act and orders the company to be dissolved.

May 31 – The hull of the White Star Line's new flagship, Titanic, is launched at Harland and Wolff Shipyards in Belfast.

October 24 – Orville Wright remains in the air 9 minutes and 45 seconds in a glider at Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina, setting a new world record that stands for 10 years.

November 3 – Chevrolet officially enters the automobile market to compete with the Ford Model T.

In Canada, the Dominion Parks Branch (now Parks Canada), the world's first national park service, is established. In 1911 it falls under the Department of the Interior, and now resides within the Department of the Environment.

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March 4 - The first U.S. law regulating the shooting of migratory birds is passed.

March 12 – Australia begins building the new federal capital of Canberra.

May 13 – Igor Sikorsky becomes the first person to pilot a 4-engine aircraft.

June 8 – The Deutsches Stadion in Berlin is dedicated with the release of 10,000 pigeons, in front of an audience of 60,000 people. It has been constructed especially for the 1916 Summer Olympics, which are cancelled as a result of World War I.

August 13 – Stainless steel is invented by Harry Brearley in Sheffield.

September 19 – Francis Ouimet wins the U.S. Open by 5 strokes, becoming the first amateur to ever win the event.

December 23 – The Federal Reserve is created by Woodrow Wilson.

The modern zipper is invented.

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January 21 – Kiwanis International is founded in Detroit, Michigan.

January 28 – An act of the U.S. Congress designates the United States Coast Guard, begun in 1790, as a military branch.

January 31 – World War I: Germany uses poison gas against the Russians.

March 3 – NACA, the predecessor of NASA, is founded.

March 19 – Pluto is photographed for the first time but is not then classified as a planet.

May 6 – Babe Ruth hits his first career home run off of Jack Warhop.

July 28 – The United States occupation of Haiti begins.

September 8 – A Zeppelin raid destroys No.61Farringdon Road, London. It was rebuilt in 1917 and called The Zeppelin Building.

October 19 – Mexican Revolution: The U.S. recognizes the Mexican government of Venustiano Carranza de facto

November 25 – The theory of general relativity is formulated.

Alfred Wegener proposes the theory of Pangaea.