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Posted: Sat Jan 09, 2010 10:09 pm
Here I will be posting information on Fauna seen throughout the movie, game, and made up ones as well. Feel free to post more if you want. :] I will be continuing to update this throughout the next few days, adding pictures that I'm able to find. If you find any pictures of Fauna that I do not have, I'd appreciate it if you sent me it via pm. :] Table of contents:~Page1~ Post 1: you are here Post 2: PandorpediaPost 3: Henveti Post 4: Na'vi Post 5: Blue-winged Leonopteryx Post 6: Domehead Titanothere Post 7: Thanatiforian Nyctoleon Post 8: Keravnus Raptor Post 9: Periculdon Post 10: Thanatoforian Leontaur Post 11: Tortoise Titanothere Post 12: Thestrict Post 13: Fan Lizard Post 14: Forest Banshee Post 15: Great Leonopteryx ~Page2~ Post 1: Hammerhead Titanothere Post 2: Hellfire Wasp Post 3: Hexapede Post 4: Medusa Post 5: Mountain Banshee Post 6: Slinger Post 7: Sturmbeest Post 8: Prolemuris Post 9: Stingbat Post 10: Tapirus Post 11: Tetrapteron Post 12: Thanator Post 13: Viperwolf Post 14: Woodsprite Post 15: Direhorse ~Page3~ Post 1: Humans Post 2: Avatar (species)
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Posted: Sat Jan 09, 2010 10:11 pm
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Posted: Sat Jan 09, 2010 10:12 pm
Henveti The Henveti are the quadri-pedal Humanoids that inhabit Prospera, which is another, slightly smaller moon than Pandora which orbits the same planet that Pandora does. According to a legend, the Na'vi and Henveti were originally of the same species. The Na'vi jettisoned the Henveti on Pandora because of their unwillingness to learn.
The Henveti are short compared to the Na'vi. each sports four legs, six eyes and two arms, looking almost like a centaur. Their flesh, normally midnight blue in color, will flash orange when sexually aroused, and dark purple when angered. Females are slightly taller than males, and sport horns. The males are smaller, and have a longer tail which has fur closely fused together to resemple the tip of a Rhinoceros horn. Males are usually about two meters tall, females are slightly taller, closer to 2.1 meters. The language of the Henveti, "City-speak" is vaguely similar to the languages spoken in eastern europe, Russian, Polish, etc. The Henveti are known to be enemies with the Na'vi, however are only able to wage war when Pandora and Prospera are aligned. While the Na'vi are almost always the victors in these engagements, the Na'vi are forced to return back to Pandora before it once again rotates out of phase for another 120 years. Humans have made contact with the Henveti on various occasions, and are in the midst of making a deal to join military forces to destroy their common enemy: The Na'vi.
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Posted: Sat Jan 09, 2010 10:18 pm
Na'vi The Na'vi are a race of sentient extraterrestrial humanoids who inhabit the lush jungle moon of Pandora. Humans are known to refer to them as "Blues", "Savages", "the locals" or "the natives". Parker Selfridge at one point in the movie refers to them as "blue monkeys". Description The indigenous Na'vi are, on average, three meters tall with smooth cyan-colored skin, large eyes, and sweeping tails. They are the only known extraterrestrial species discovered to have human-like consciousness and intelligence. They have developed a sophisticated culture based on a profound spiritual connection to other life on their moon, each other, and an encompassing "spirit" they call Eywa. The Na'vi seem to have a different evolutionary ancestor to other creatures that share two pairs of eyes and three pairs of arms-legs-or-wings, but they have a Queue which indicates the ability to make a bond with the environment. Habitat and Range Various biomes of Pandora. Population concentrated in rainforest regions. Outlying clans have been detected on each continent and in subarctic, swampland, and mountainous regions. Some Na'vi clans, including the Omaticaya, live in tremendously large ancient trees they call Kelutral, or "Hometree." Physiology * Smooth skin is iridescent, cyan color. Long tails. (Note that their tails are not prehensile, despite some guides indicating otherwise.) High cheekbones, feline ears and large yellow eyes. Bioluminescent markings aid in identification and mood display. Average life span is similar to that of a human. Despite skin color, Na'vi have red blood. * Waist is narrow and elongated. The shoulders are very wide, creating a V-shaped upper back. The neck is long and body slender. Musculature sharply defined, giving no sense of emaciation despite thin proportions. * Skeleton is reinforced with naturally occurring carbon fiber. Average male is 3 meters (9.8 feet) tall, females slightly smaller. * Three long fingers plus opposable thumb on hands; four toes on feet. (It should be noted that the Na'vi/human hybrid Avatars have five digits on both hands and feet.) * Highly evolved nervous system includes a "Queue" which resembles a long, rather ostentatious hair braid. This seemingly conventional braid actually sheathes a remarkably intricate system of neural tendrils that can be connected to similar structures of other life-forms. See Queue. * They have roughly four times the strength of the average human. * Reproduction mechanics similar to humans and other Terran mammals, however see Mating. Appearance and Anatomy On the whole, the Na'vi are quite similar to humans, both in appearance and anatomically. They are, however, much larger and typically stronger than humans. Na'vi are normally about 3 meters in height. This may be in part due to Pandora's lower gravity than Earth, which, after time will cause a person to "get soft" (as Colonel Quaritch put it), and, pound for pound, they are probably weaker than humans. Their skeletons are reinforced with naturally occurring carbon fiber, making their bones extremely rigid and hard to bend-(but they easily crack under focused pressure). Their hands are graceful, with three very long fingers, and one opposable thumb. However, it should be noted that human-grown Na'vi (the Avatars) have four main fingers in addition to the opposable thumb just as in the human hand. The faces have high cheekbones and large yellow eyes, maybe twice the size of an average human's. When open they dominate the face, like those of a cat or lemur. The ears of the Na'vi are long and pointed and are able to swivel around much like that of a dog or a cat. The mouth is also large, but essentially human, with a faint cat-like bifurcation of the upper lip. The nose also faintly resembles that of a cat's, but this is only visible in close-ups. The teeth are white, with pronounced canines, upper and lower. The Na'vi species do obviously eat meat, but they are assumed to be generally omnivorous. The Na'vi have tails which are long and slightly prehensile, but more like the tail of a panther than a monkey. A complex pattern of iridescent dots and lines, perfectly symmetrical, runs over the body, seemingly following the lines of the nervous or circulatory system. These are bioluminescent chromatophores, and they glow in the dark like fireflies. The Na'vi can communicate with these, and in fact they are constantly shifting and changing color to indicate mood and emotion, without conscious control. Na'vi have hair only on their heads and the very ends of their tails, and what people often mistake for a large braid is an external part of the nervous system. Queue Na'vi have a queue, originating at the back of the head and hanging down almost to the waist. This is in fact not hair, but an external bundle of nerve endings that allows them to tap into the collective, planetary psionic emanations of Eywa, enabling them to "commune" with the planet's flora and fauna. While not adding to intelligence, it enables them to share a deep connection and even communicate telepathically with the tree of souls, and any animals with a similar nerve cluster. The Na'vi call it Tsahaylu, or "the bond". When two Pandoran organisms with nerve clusters similar to this engage in Tsahaylu, they gain the ability to share memories and information, and the Na'vi have a special trait that allows them to use the mind-meld to feel as/what their mount does, and as well enables them to move as one under the control of the Na'vi, be it a Banshee/Ikran or Direhorse/Pal'i. This trait is only negated during mating (see below). Diet The Na'vi are an Omnivorous species. Their society includes hunters and gatherers with incipient agriculture. Clothing The Na'vi are weavers whose dress is primarily for comfort and practicality. Though clan leaders such as Mo'at and Eytukan wear ceremonial pieces, because both men and women fight, there is a balance between adornment and armament. Little apparel is worn by the Na'vi. Cloth, most likely woven from native flora of the planet is the basic garment worn by all Na'vi. It is possible that very little clothing is worn by the Na'vi because it is simply what is needed for the Na'vi to work and live taking minimally from the environment. Clothes appear to also show the ranking of one's importance in the hierarchy of a clan, either by the use of The Omaticaya clan leader, Eytukan wearing a garment made of brilliant materials] interesting or precious materials in comparison to a simple clothing piece worn by a normal clan member. Accessories are added to a Na'vi's attire as he or she moves up in the clan hierarchy. For example, Jake Sully, as an apprentice clan member, wore only an undecorated loincloth; as he learned more about the Na'vi culture, however, he wore armbands and necklaces to display his ranking. Society Although their society is essentially Palaeolithic, the Na'vi have developed a complex culture based on a profound spiritual connection among all creatures, and to the deity they call Eywa. They are expert hunters and gatherers as well as artisans who celebrate the interconnectedness of nature through story and song. Culture The Na'vi are humanoid creatures that live in various territorial clans across Pandora. Their culture is non-technological, and a premium is placed upon young men either growing up to be fearsome warriors, or dying in the effort. Like all creatures on Pandora, their fate is controlled by the sentient intelligence they worship as "Eywa". They have no choice but to live in harmony and natural equilibrium with their surroundings. If they become too numerous, Eywa will devise a way to limit their numbers before they cause an ecological imbalance. Understandably, the Na'vi have therefore over millenia developed a healthy respect for their surrounding environment. In return, the environment has provided them with sufficient food and shelter, creatures to ride for ground and air transportation, and an ambient, comfortable temperature throughout the atmosphere of Pandora, plus a curious absence of pesky insects and harmful microorganisms. Not surprisingly, when provided for so thoroughly by Eywa, they have failed to develop tools and weapons for purposes beyond primitive warfare with the surrounding clans and hunting. Culturally, they are comparable to Ancient African tribes, Native Americans, Polynesians,and Australia's Indigenous people with trace similaritys to the Norse people of northern europe. Lacking in any tradition of science, they view Eywa as an all-knowing, all-powerful mother goddess, and have developed a complex religion around their interaction with Eywa, centered around the "Tree of Souls", which grows only in rare locations across Pandora. Mating Practices The Na'vi are monogamous creatures who mate for life. The mechanics of reproduction in Na'vi are similar to that of humans. However, their unique physiology provides the Na'vi with a level of intimacy unknown to Earth born creatures while mating, or "becoming one". It had been found that, by culture, the female (if she accepts the male) is the one to initiate Tsahaylu. Because of the unpredictability of the bond's depth in the end, which affects the amount of pleasure the couple feel, there is a tradition stating that a couple's Tsahaylu cannot be mentioned, neither before nor after mating. This is to keep the rare offender from simply constantly attempting to engage in Tsahaylu with one who is not their match, an act that can be fatal after the first mating because of the stress inflicted emotionally and physically on a Na'vi sustaining more than one bond. Traditionally, once a Na'vi male has passed the tests on the path to manhood and has been accepted into the clan as an adult he may choose his woman. After the woman has been chosen, she must decide if she accepts the male. If Eywa does not intervene, mating then begins under one of the white bioluminescent trees, where it is believed Eywa may oversee, protect, and show her approval or disapproval. When a couple begins to mate, the female Na'vi will connect her queue to the male's, called Tsahaylu by the Na'vi, to create an emotional and spiritual bond that lasts a lifetime, beginning the process. The intertwining of queues is both highly erotic and profoundly spiritual, but does not in itself lead to reproduction. Jake Sully chooses Neytiri to become his mate, and she him, under the Tree of Voices following his acceptance into the Omaticaya clan as 'One of the People'. It is known that the bond created by mating builds gradually, and as true Tsahaylu is made between the couple, "the ultimate in intimacy", the pleasure, builds gradually as well, and causes the somewhat non-willful sharing of the couple's happy memories, and is a sign of Eywa's acceptance. If a couple can be foreseen to not have a pleasant or happy future, Eywa has been known to reverse the feeling produced by making Tsahaylu, a sign to the couple that mating would only, in simple words, ruin their lives together, and therefore prevents the mating, because of it permanence. After the resulting embracing and, occasionally, kissing, the couple is sent into a deep sleep by Eywa, and the two dream hintings of their future together. The couple mating will not only be bonded spiritually and emotionally, but will also gain, while they sleep, a slight physical resemblance of each other, detectable only to Na'vi eyes. This is what allows a couple standing together to be recognized as a couple. The couple will experience the pleasure of Tsahaylu from the moment of connection, until they awaken and have completed mating, when they disconnect and return to the clan, mated for life. Human Relations When the Human race begins to search Pandora for valuable minerals, the Na'vi are appalled and angered by the destruction of their jungle home for roads, human bases, and strip mines. They see no need for technology, and hence the damage done by humans in the pursuit of underground minerals seems like nothing more than senseless destruction that violates the basic tenets of their religion. They would look to Eywa for help, but their religion teaches that Eywa cares not for the existence of any one creature, but only for the balance of nature. At first they were willing to interact with humans, but after concluding that humans had nothing of value to offer to them, they break off contact and start engaging in guerilla warfare to resist the human's mining operations.
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Posted: Sat Jan 09, 2010 10:19 pm
Blue-winged Leonopteryx (in na'vi "Gintok Toruk") Also known as "Toruk" The Blue-winged Leonopteryx is flying creature native to the planet of Pandora. Although it was long thought that the Great Leonopteryx was the was the largest and most powerful ariel predator of Pandora, xenobiologists have recently found that they are actually the much more successful sub-species of the larger Blue-winged Leonopteryx, which for some unknown reason have all but disappeared from the planet. As with the Great Leonopteryx, the Blue-winged Leonopteryx has its place in Na'vi lore and culture, they are inspired by its sheer power and awesome beauty. There is no distinction between the name of the Great Leonopteryx and the Blue-winged Leonopteryx in Na'Vi language. It is celebrated in dance, song, and with elaborate totems that symbolize both the fear and respect accorded to the creature.This creature's name in Na'vi translates roughly to "Last Shadow" as its preferred method of attack is from above. Therefore, the last thing you see is its shadow. They were first discovered by a Team of Avatars lead by Dr.Grace Augustine. The Blue- winged Leonopteryx is carnivorous, and is though to feed mainly on Mountain and Forest Banshees and other smaller prey such as Sting Bats but an extensive study of the Animals behavior has not been possible due to locational factors. It is possible that the Larger Blue-Winged Leonopteryx has the strength and power to be able to tackle larger prey such as the Dire horse. Anatomy The anatomy of the Blue-winged Leonopteryx is very similar to that of the Great Leonopteryx, however coloration and scale are somewhat different. Dark navy blue body covered with 4 parallel lines of white bio-luminecent patches running from snout to tail,huge wings that are a similar color to that of the skin of the Na'Vi, and large bright scarlet and black crest on the top of its head, although it lacks the crest found on the lower jaw of the Great Leonopteryx. It's upper crest is larger and runs further down the head. The crest on its head is thought to be used much in the same way as its cousin, "to injure or disembowel prey, or cut vegetation obstructing flight". Like the Banshee and the Great Leonopteryx it has a distensible jaw, a large brain cavity, and membranous wings stretched taut over carbon fiber bone structure. It also has powerful talons for grasping prey and perching, twin tail for flight control, and flow-through ventilation for high performance. The wingspan is thought to be more than 35 meters, 10 meters wider than the largest Great Leonopteryx, with the wings being composed of individual finned members that can separate to act as slotted airfoil, or overlap and seal to form a solid surface. Unlike the Great Leonopteryx, the Blue-winged Leonopteryx's twin tails are both long and prehensile. This allows them to swing from trees during flight to gain an extra boost of speed. Further specific details on the anatomy are unavailable as further study of the creature has proved to be extremely dangerous. Few have ever returned from an encounter with a Blue-Winged Leonopteryx. Location Due to the relatively small exploration of the moon pandora, xenobioligists are not sure if Blue-winged Leonopteryx are present in any distant regions of the moon. The only known area where the Blue-wing is known to be present is a small,secluded area in the center of the Hallelujah mountains. Unusual Facts * During a study of a Blue-winged Leonoptoryx's skeleton, small, tightly packed sensory quills were found on its crest. It is still unknown what they are used for, but xenobioligists hypothesize that they are used to find prey by sensing the changes in the strong magnetic fields of the Hallelujah mountains. * The Blue-wing uses its two sets of eyes to hunt prey in an unusual way. Its front set of eyes faces forward, giving them stereoscopic vision, while the back pair faces out. This creates a deadly combination with amazing depth perception and a wide field of vision
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Posted: Sat Jan 09, 2010 10:21 pm
Domehead Titanothere The Domehead Titanothere (Na'vi Name: Ba'k), the smaller cousin of the Hammerhead Titanothere, is a highly territorial, grassland dwelling herbivore that is hunted as a food source for much of the Na'vi horse clans of the plains. It is named for it's brown dome-like structure located on it's head. It uses this for fighting and defense by charging at anything that threatens it. With this when charging at full speed it can crush threw rocks. It's skin is lavender and it has an exoskeleton around it's head and neck area for protection. The bioluminescence of the Domehead Titanothere is limited to its eyes and belly area only due to the fact that it can't hide very well since it lives in grasslands and plains. The color of the luminescence it gives off is neon green.
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Posted: Sat Jan 09, 2010 10:22 pm
Thanatiforian Nyctoleon Thanatiforian Nyctoleons (Na'vi Helgak or Ulgak) are a species of nocturnal lion-like creatures. The Nyctoleons have the body of a lion, the hind legs of a black panther and the head and front legs of a thanator. The Nyctoleons cannot be tamed easily, they are carnivores and eat other Pandoran species. What is fantastic in a Nyctoleon is its tail it has 2 spikes on its end, which carry a poison that can kill anything in 7 seconds.
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Posted: Sat Jan 09, 2010 10:24 pm
Keravnus Raptor The Keravnus Raptor (Na'vi Retrak) is a raptor-like creature similar to the Velociraptor. It's name comes from the Greek word κεραύνος keravnos meaning thunder and the word raptor from latin raptor meaning the one who seizes. The Keravnus Raptor "thunder raptor" is a very fierce carnivore it mainly eats Hexapedes and fan lizards. Appearance The Keravnus Raptor looks like a Velociraptor but with 4 legs and 2 small wings, though it may have wings the Keravnus raptor cannot fly. Descendance The Keravnus Raptor is a possible descendant of the Mountain Banshee, but has adapted to land. Culture Keravnus Raptors are used as mounts by very special people they are like the Great Leonopteryx, Whomsoever mounts a Keravnus Raptor will be called a Retrak Makto.
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Posted: Sat Jan 09, 2010 10:26 pm
Periculdon he Periculdon (Na'vi Name: Hodrak) is a large six legged preditor related to the Thanator. It looks like a large dark red thanator with a shorter snout and more bulky build aswell as a few other slight differences. The Periculdon has a tail that looks just like the thanators only it is marked with many orange bioluminesent spots that sense in a similar way to the human sense of smell (it smells threw it's tail, aswell as it's nose). It eats most any other animals, except other high ranking preditors and is a known killer to the Na'vi and the RDA. If you ever come across it and it notices you, there is almost no chance of you getting away unless you have a way of flying or are capable of running extremely fast. Hodrak makto A Hodrak Makto is a Na'vi who manages to ride a periculdon. These are even rarer than Toruk Maktos[Rider of a Toruk] or Palulukan Maktos[Rider of a thanator] as it has not happened yet. But one day, possibly it might happen.
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Posted: Sat Jan 09, 2010 10:27 pm
Thanatoforian Leontaur The Thanatoforian Leontaur (Na'vi Ulgak) is a 3 meter long creature with the horns of a bull and the body of a large lion, it's hind legs are similar to those of a horse (according to experts an American Saddlebred.) Its skin color varies from brown to black, rarely yellow. The Na'vi believe that the Ulgaks are angels of Eywa, whereas the Thanators are thought to be demons. The Ulgak is an omnivore, it eats both plants and other species seldomly the Na'vi. The leontaur can hardly be tamed, it prefers to live on it's own. It is possible that this species descends from an extinct species called the Elafokerati Thanators, Thanators with horns of a deer.
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Posted: Sat Jan 09, 2010 10:28 pm
Tortoise Titanothere The Tortoise Titanothere (Na'vi Name: Fkeumokri), the much bigger cousin of the Hammerhead Titanothere and the Domehead Titanothere, is a highly territorial, grassland dwelling herbivore that feeds of the outer trees of a far western rain forest. It is named for the resembles it carries to the extinct tortoise of earth. The reason why this creature has been named "Mighty Voice" is because; on quiet nights, usually during the titanothere mating season, the roar of the Titanothere can be heard over long distances on the open plains. On its back and head it carries a thick armor, which is almost impossible to crack by pure imp Tortoise Titanothere act, meaning that it has almost no enemies. However one possible enemy could be the Blue-winged Leanopteryx, this data is unconfirmed though. The areas between the armor plates, and the smaller armor plates surrounding the bigger ones posses a luminous effect. The Tortoise Titanothere is the single biggest creature of Pandora. The areas they inhabit, are just outside a far western rain forest where the trees grow to nearly 100 meters. Being gigantic herbivores, the Fkeumokri have been forced to either grow small enough to enter the rain forest or big enough to reach the tree tops of the forest. The Tortoise Titanothere posses the nerve endings which makes it possible to create "the bond (tsaheylu)" between two creatures, however it is unknown weather "the bond" has ever been created between a na'vi and a titanothere. There appear to be no direct contact between the Tortoise Titanothere and na'vi, however stories do circulate amongst the clans on the plains, about how a hoard of Fkeumokri passing by, have taken down home trees in the past.
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Posted: Sat Jan 09, 2010 10:30 pm
Thestrict The Thestrict (Na'vi Name: Noa'quet) to humans appears to be a mixture between a deer and a mullet fish. It is 1 meter and a half (4 and a half feet) in length and and about 2/3 meters (2 feet) tall. It is deep blue in color and has 4 to 6 white strips on it's legs. With the body of a deer and tail and head of a mullet as described by xenobiologists it is domesticated by the some Na'vi and the males are known to sing high pitched (but not loud) songs. These songs are replicated by Na'vi instruments (Such as the Quet'renim) and played in certain ceremonies. The Thestrict is a herbivore that feds solely on the vegetation, never fruits or berries. It is very low in the food chain and is fed on by many preditors such as viperwolves.
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Posted: Sat Jan 09, 2010 10:32 pm
Fan Lizard Fan lizards are small nocturnal creatures that live on Pandora. Anatomy Fan lizards are known for the large retractable disk on their back. This disk has a structure similar to that of the Da Vinci Helicopter. This appendage is bioluminescent and used for flight as well as to ward off any attackers with the brilliant light display and sudden increase in size. Note that when the Fan Lizard uses the appendage, the movement causes the body to spin with it.
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Posted: Sat Jan 09, 2010 10:33 pm
Forest Banshee
The Forest Banshee's (Na'vi Name: Ikranay) natural habitat is the Rainforest in both the upper and lower canopies as well as rookeries spread throughout cliffs and mesas of the mountainous regions of Pandora. The forest banshee has obsidian like teeth with a total of four wings (2 ft) and bones comprised of biologically produced carbon fiber composite much like its larger cousin, the Mountain Banshee. The Forest Banshee is an aerial carnivorous predator, usually feeding on smaller rainforest creatures such as the Stingbat and the Prolemuris The Forest Banshee, although smaller than the Mountain Banshee, is still a feared predator but it lacks the size to support a Na'vi rider. Forest banshees usually hunt alone, but can migrate in large flocks spread out in a wide, loose pattern (reasoning for this behaviour is not readily understood). Like a terran reef shark, the Forest Banshee may size up potential large prey, but seldom attacks anything close to its size, preferring smaller forest animals. A banshee will make an exception however, in the case of self-defense or when it finds large prey in distress. Furthermore, like terran reef sharks, banshees will congregate to feed, and if necessary will fight one another for their portion of food. The creature shares the same basic anatomical advantages as the Mountain Banshee: strong carbon fiber bones; specialized flight muscles and a stiff torso to support its wings; they can make subtle adjustments to their flight attitude and speed with an articulated tail top which can flare or remain tucked for aerodynamics. Notes * Bioluminescent markings are easily spotted by RDA Scorpion Gunship's during night patrols. * The Forest Banshee is a favorite food source for Great Leonopteryx. * It's skin is a complex multicolored mottling on translucent wing membranes, mainly variations of greens,yellows, blues to camouflage with surrounding environment.
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Posted: Sat Jan 09, 2010 10:34 pm
Great Leonopteryx The Great Leonopteryx (Na'vi name: Toruk meaning "Last Shadow") is a species of airborne apex predatory animals native to Pandora. Scientifically, it is known as leonopteryx rex - "flying king lion" (from the greek word λέων leon meaning lion and πτέρυξ pteryx meaning wing and the latin word rex meaning king). The fierce beauty and nobility of the leonopteryx gave the species a central place in Na'vi lore and culture. It is celebrated in dance, song, and with elaborate totems that symbolize both the fear and respect accorded to the creature. Indeed, the leonopteryx is crucial to the Na'vi's sense of destiny and interconnectedness. This creature's name in Na'vi translates roughly to "Last Shadow" as its preferred method of attack is from above. Therefore, the last thing you see is its shadow. The Leonopteryx is carnivorous, feeding on mainly Mountain and Forest Banshees and occasionally on Medusa. Occasionally, under the rainforest canopy, the Leonopteryx will feed on ground animals such as Hexapede. It has no known threat from other creatures except other Leonopteryx. Anatomy Striped scarlet, yellow, and black, with two midnight blue crests on the head and lower jaw. The crest on its head is razor sharp and can be used to injure or disembowel prey, or cut vegetation obstructing flight. It has a distensible jaw, a large brain cavity, and membranous wings stretched taut over carbon fiber bone structure. It also has powerful talons for grasping prey and perching, twin tail for flight control, and flow-through ventilation for high performance. The Leonopteryx is closely related to the banshee, although significantly larger grasping claws, long teeth for snatching prey on the fly, flexible wings for maneuverability, excellent eyesight with forward binocular vision and powerful jaws which can open at a wide angle, capable of cleaving a Mountain Banshee in two midflight. The Leonopteryx embodies a impressive rate of climb and when plummeting out of the sky, resembles a massive Terran Hawk. The wingspan is more than 25 meters with the wings being composed of individual finned members that can separate to act as slotted airfoil, or overlap and seal to form a solid surface. When separated they can rotate individually to induce or retard vortex formation. These finned members are not unlike the primary feathers of many Terran birds. Again, the fiber composite bones help the animal to achieve flight through the dense Pandoran atmosphere as with other flying animals of Pandora. Habitat, Mating and Encounters The Leonopteryx rookeries are difficult to locate, exacerbated by the associated risk with trying to locate the resting place of such a massive, dangerous animal. However, some have been sighted in the Hallelujah Mountains. the species mate for life and breed every two years. Primarily the Great Leonopteryx travels alone, and occasionally in pairs and they have never been observed in a swarm or high concentration. Although Leonopteryx are wary to encounter their own kind, it is documented that a team of Avatars observed a battle between two Leonopteryx in the space of 3 hours. The battle ended when both fell to the forest floor from their mortal wounds and were believed to be dispatched by a large pack of Viperwolves. Riders Jake Sully has been the sixth Na'vi warrior to ever bond and ride the Great Leonopteryx, and is given the name "Toruk Makto" for the incredible feat. This means "rider of the last shadow". During the timeframe of the film, no one has been successful for four generations and only five Na'vi warriors have ever managed to do it. Jake Sully becomes the sixth person to master the skill which re-earns him the respect of the Na'vi. Jake also said "The Toruk is the baddest cat in the sky. No one ever comes after him, so why should he ever have to look up?" when he jumped on to a Great Leonopteryx. After the final war and the "Days of sorrow" Jake tells that there is no need for Toruk Makto anymore and can be seen releasing the Toruk to return to the wild. 
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