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The 2010 AHA guidelines for healthcare provider adult BLS and ECC include some major changes in focus in an effort to improve survival rates by increasing simplicity and response times to first compression. Healthcare providers are still encouraged to maintain high-quality CPR, including effective chest compressions with minimal interruptions with quick activation of EMS and continued early use of AEDs along with a universal adult CPR algorithm.
A Change From ABC to CAB for Adult BLS
The American Heart Association has changed the order of primary assessment in adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). AHA instructors have taught the use of A-B-C in the primary survey for more than 40 years. The ABC order included assessing and addressing the airway and breathing first and then assessing and addressing circulation needs.
2010 has brought about major changes with a change from A-B-C to C-A-B in an effort to improve chances for survival for adults. By starting with the simplest step, chest compressions, hopefully rescuers will minimize barriers to starting CPR immediately and improve time to first chest compression.
Breathing Priority Lowered in Initial CPR Efforts for Adults
The 2010 guidelines have removed the initial "look, listen, and feel for breathing" in assessing airway and breathing and continues to emphasize the need to avoid excessive ventilation. Because adults who suddenly collapse are usually experiencing a cardiac event, early and effective compressions and defibrillation has become a higher priority, and the AHA hopes to improve survival by improving response time with the CAB order.
If an adult collapses due to drowning, foreign body airway obstruction, or other respiratory-related event, the AHA 2010 Currents Executive Summary does allow for healthcare provider common sense in providing approximately five cycles, or two minutes, of CPR including rescue breathing before activating EMS.
2010 Guidelines for Effective Adult Compressions in CPR
Adult compressions should be at least two inches deep, which is a change from previous guidelines of 1.5 to two inches. Compressors should allow for complete chest recoil between compressions but should minimize pauses if possible. The recommended compression rate is at least 100 per minute along with a ratio of compressions to breaths of 30:2 on a victim who is not intubated.
The pulse check should not take longer than 10 seconds, and if the victim appears to be in cardiac arrest and the rescuer is not certain of whether or not a pulse is present, the safest approach would be to begin chest compressions in an adult victim who has collapsed and is unresponsive.
Untrained lay rescuers are still encouraged to provide hands-only CPR and to activate emergency medical services immediately for an adult who has collapsed and is unresponsive. As additional rescuers arrive, tasks may be delegated as appropriate during the resuscitation efforts. The use of AEDs will continue to be a focus in early interventions as they have consistently been linked to better long-term survival when combined with early CPR.
New 2010 Adult CPR Guidelines
Although CPR dates back to 1740 with modern CPR being performed for 50 years according to the American Heart Association, basic life support guidelines change due to evidence-based practice and research. By www.DraganLimoCab.com - Limo Service improving compression response time in resuscitation and encouraging effective compression technique with the early use of AEDs, more lives may be saved as a result of the 2010 guidelines. This article only addresses changes in adult guidelines and does not address 2010 guidelines for pediatric basic life support.
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This article is for informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice.
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