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Shear stress studies. One shear stress series was performed (n = 10). Each experiment consisted of two identical set-ups (A and B) where each set-up consisted of three different vessels. Vessel 1 was the control vessel exposed to laminar shear stress of less than 1 dyn/cm2, vessel 2 had a laminar shear stress of 12.5 dyn/cm2 and vessel 3 25 dyn/cm2. In set-up B the effect of combined inflammation and shear stress stimulation was studied by adding TNF-α (1 ng/ml) (Sigma–Aldrich) to the perfusion medium. The vessels were stimulated for 24 h.
In the shear stress studies rectangular glass NVP-BKM120 with internal length (L), width (W) and depth (D) = 10 × 0.4 × 0.04 cm were used [11]. Wall shear stress in the microslides was calculated by the formula τ = 6ηQ/(W2D), were Q is the volume flow (ml/min) and η is the viscosity of the medium (dynes s/cm2).
Tensile stress studies. One pressure series was performed (n = 6). Each experiment consisted of five different vessels. Vessel one was the control vessel perfused with a mean pressure of 5 mm Hg, vessel two was stimulated with a mean pressure of 80 mm Hg, vessel three with a mean pressure of 120 mm Hg and vessel four with a pulse pressure of 85 mm Hg and a mean pressure of 120 mm Hg. Regarding vessel one to four, the effect of combined inflammation and tensile stress stimulation was studied by adding TNF-α (1 ng/ml) to the perfusion medium. Vessel five was perfused with a mean pressure of 5 mm Hg without TNF-α. The vessels were stimulated for 24 h.