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Why Publish? What are traditional publishing, self publishing, and vanity presses?

If you're serious about your writing--by which I suppose I mean intend to try to make it into a career, even if it's only a secondary one--then you should eventually try to get your work published. For short stories, submit to magazines. For novels, submit to publishing houses.

Why do these things?

First, you get paid, which is one of your goals as a writer trying to write professionally. However, you won't be paid much--most first novels sell for about $4,000, which is chump change if you consider that it might take two years to write. In order to be professional, shorts must sell for a bout $0.05 a word.

Even so, getting the professional sales is important in that it gets you recognition among your peers. As you get recognition and respect, you can sell more stories easier. You can begin bypassing slush piles, or might draw the attention of an agent or book editor. You publish your book. You reach more people than you could otherwise--hopefully some of them actually read your book. You make no money, but maybe you manage to sell, and then by your fourth book there are enough royalties coming in that you can live off your writing.

That's a rosy scenario, but it's possible. Also just as possible is that you continue making no money at all, but continue to accrue respect in the field. This can then turn into things like teaching positions at universities; you don't live off your writing, but you have more time to write, and make a comfortable living teaching writing or literature 8 months out of 12.

Traditional publishing
You, the writer, gets paid. Your story/novel is published. A traditional/commercial publisher's audience is the general public, who they will market your work towards. This is the kind of publishing most writers want to be involved with.

Vanity press
You pay a company to print copies of your story/novel. Their audience is you, the writer, who they expect will either buy lots of copies or have friends buy them. They will not market your book for you. They generally publish anything sent to them, regardless of quality, and so this kind of publishing will not get you recognition or respect in your field.

Some vanity presses are scams, and you should research the press on google before you hand over any money.

Self publishing
However, many companies charge a printing fee, explain honestly what their services include, and do not try to deceive the writer. If you do wish to go the self-publishing route, for whatever reason, look for a company like this.

Related Links

Perseverance, Publishing and the Urge to Write-- By James Van Pelt

"Excuse Me, How Much Did It Cost You?"-- An anti-scam handout by A. C. Crispin

Hunting for an Agent (with Sample Synopsis)-- by John E. Stith

Hunting for a Literary Agent:Which to Keep and Which to Shoot-- by Chuck Rothman
 
     
 
Before You Submit the Manuscript

Before you drop that envelope in the mail, have you done your research?

Have you researched more than one possible market, and thoroughly read their guidelines to make sure your story is appropriate for the market and that you are eligible to submit?

Is your manuscript in standard manuscript format, or formatted according to your chosen market's guidelines?

Is the editor's name spelled correctly? If a cover letter is required, is it short and to the point? Have you spell checked everything?

Have you included a self addressed stamped envelope for the editor to use to reply? If you don't include this, you won't get a response.

It's also a good idea to keep a log of when you submitted which story, and to which market. That way you'll have it all written down in case you forget. (And you won't be saying "why haven't they replied yet, it's been six months! when it's only been three)

Novel Submission-- queries

If you're submitting a novel, does the market or agent only accept unsolicited queries? Or a query and sample chapters/pages? And how do you write a query letter anyway?

Query letters can be tough. Check out Miss Snark's blog for real and valuable (snarky) publishing and writing advice from an anonymous agent. Look for her Crapometer posts-- Crapometer #3, which she ran from 9/2/06-9/4/06, should help. Miss Snark takes 100 submissions from her readers of query letter + sample of the first page and treats them as she does the queries in her slush piles.

Basically, your query letter should be written in business letter format. It should include your information at the top--name, address, phone number, email address. It should be addressed, politely, to a specific agent/editor whenever possible, (Dear Ms. Jones, for example, not To Whom It May Concern), and always make sure to get the gender right. Do your research, don't guess based on the name alone.

There are many guides on how to do query letters. Basically, you need:

The title of your book
The word count
The genre
Short description of the plot (think 200 words or so. Be as clear and concise as possible. Don't worry about "giving things away"-- they'd rather be sure you actually have plot in there than worry about you spoiling the ending)
Any publishing credits (professional credits. small press is fine, vanity press will not impress them)

It has also been mentioned on a few agents' blogs that including the first 5 pages with your query is acceptable. No more than that, no chapters or full maniscripts unless it's specifically requested, but 5 pages has been said to be okay.


Related Links

Manuscript Format

Is It Normal When Publishers Take Several Months To Consider My Manuscript?

How do I go about submitting short stories?

Writer Beware-- information on publishing scams and how to recognize them

Agent Query-- Agent query allows you to search for agents by genre. Please read all of the agent's guidelines before querying them!
     
Markets for Publishing Fiction

Related Links

2005 Writers Market-- Writer's Market is an excellent resource for both publishing information and market listings of all kinds. While it's useful to have the more recent editions, older ones are still helpful (and cheaper).

Ralan's Webstravaganza-- speculative fiction & humor markets (pro, semi-pro, and non-paying markets)

Spicygreeniguana.com-- sf/f/h market listings
 
     
 
Markets for Publishing Poetry

Related Links

Poet's Market 2007

LitRefs: Submission Guidelines-- a long list of markets, many of which take poetry. I haven't looked through them closely, so please do your own research and make sure they are still accepting submissions, etc.

http://newpages.com/npguides/litmags.htm -- list of literary magazines
     
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