We Are Organisms
The New Wineskin
We Are Organisms
I think this had put a nice amount of effort but I worry that its incomplete, for example you missed a few continents of cultures and their ideas of the afterlife.
I mainly wanted to focus on major religions and their afterlife theories. If we were to discuss every cultural idea of an afterlife regardless of religion, the thread would be longer than War and Peace. Furthermore, I feel religion is largely influenced by culture: a majority Hindu population, for example, is more than likely going to have a culture that reflects that, i.e. cultural subdivisions of classes based on the religious caste system in India.
Yes I have noticed religion and mythologies tend to do that, so i thought itd be useful to understand religions if we look at them in different points of time or societal/cultural development. I have found, perhaps with incomplete research, that societies with permanent structures tended to have Gods and heroes in their myths and had at some point done human and/or animal sacrifice, while with more nomadic or paleolithic lifestyles and less permanent structures they tended to have myths on nature. The myth I remember was of a native american tribe and their myth was that a giant beaver swallowed a pond or something then a wolf battled it and their fight made the mississipi. A huge and noteworthy difference I would think, than more modern religions, I think that is how they can be understood.
I see what you're saying. I suppose it would be beneficial to not only explain the afterlife ideas, but why they may have come about where and when they did. Historically, ideas that stem from India (Buddhism, Hinduism, Jainism, Sikhism, etc.) tend to feature reincarnation (or the plausibility thereof), while European and Middle Eastern ideas (Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Hellenism, Zoroastrianism, etc.) tend to feature permenant reward/punishment based afterlives. Eastern and Southeastern Asian religions (Shinto, Taoism, Confucianism, etc.) -- of which I just realized I completely neglected -- seem to be fairly silent or ambiguous on the matter, which is interesting. It sounds like an interesting secondary project!
That is no coincidence. Peoples who have more permanent settlements (such as the ancient Greeks and the Israelites) tended to have mythos with more complexity because they had less to worry about. They did not have to worry about food running short, or having to set up camp for the night because these things were already handled. Food surpluses and specified workers allowed for governmental and religious flourishment. From a purely historical perspective, religious ideologies tended to be more complex within settled areas: they had time to ponder questions other than that revolving around nature, and explain them creatively through heros and tales. The more nomadic, however, had their mythos revolve around nature. They worried about their food and their shelter, and so they would imagine ideas about why the earth is shaking, or why it was really cold at some times and really hot in others. As such, they focuses on natural explanations, but had no time to make it more complex. They used these natural explanations to perform favors for the gods in exchange for the things they needed. They did not focus on heros and mythos too much and focuses on nature simply because nature is what they had to worry about, while those who settled in permanent settlements had other concerns.
At least, this is the conclusion I come to.
**EDITED TO INCLUDE A RESPONSE TO THE FIRST HALF OF YOUR STATEMENT.**