Uhh...Chelsea? Pettigrew's new hand doesn't have anything to do with the Draught of Living Death (a potion). The potion used to resurrect him wasn't the Draught of Living Death at all, and was only mentioned in the first book (when Snape pestered Harry) and the sixth book (what Harry's Potions class had to successfully make in order to get the Felix Felicis potion).
sweatdrop
Let me try a hand at this:
Quote:
A trial by those copious hands
Gone back in time through most magic lands
Severed the roots and start in health
The first time the Draught of Living Death was mentioned was when Harry was a First Year, when Snape asked him what would happen if he added powdered root of asphodel with an infusion of wormwood.
The trial by copious hands probably refers to the fact that it's a difficult potion to make. Even Hermione couldn't perfect it, and Harry only perfected it via Snape's handwritten instructions.
Quote:
What is known is through cunning stealth
Slughorn has absolutely no idea that Harry is following the Half Blood Prince's handwritten instructions--he just thought Harry had inherited Lily's brilliance for potion making.
Quote:
Though the wheels of time spins again
This may refer to the fact that Snape's Potions book has remained untouched for years, and then all of a sudden, it's used by Harry in his sixth year by mere coincidence. I may be wrong, though.
Quote:
Weapons tempt Dame Fortune and bring no pain
Now this, I don't know. Dame Fortune is the goddess of Fate, but I don't know how she ties in with the Draught of Living Death.