Controversy in Korean Martial Arts~
The Korean martial arts are something that has exploded in the last half of the last century to now. As popular as Taekwondo is, styles like Hapkido, Haedong Kumdo, Kumdo, Haedong Kumdo, Tang Soo Do, and Kuk Sul Won have come to be some of the most practiced styles of martial arts in the world today. In a positive light it shows a great deal what can be done with independence. Over the centuries Koreans has formulated effective systems and styles of combat which have always been stripped away by oppression. When they once again had the chance to redevelop and create their own styles, they did so and they very effectively spread them around the world to the point that it would be virtually impossible to destroy any one of them. However, in styles like Taekwondo, Hapkido, and Haedong Kumdo (probably more) there is a lot of controversy about the history.
Taekwondo
The main controversial aspect of Taekwondo history is General Choi Hong Hi. Most people consider him to be the founder of Taekwondo. Realistically, he contributed maybe to the aspects of Taekwondo, and then suggested the name. It was among nine different schools that Taekwondo was formed. The masters of these schools that had learned various Japanese martial arts, and expanded on them in their own light, and brought in aspects of traditional Korean martial arts (ex. a lot of kicking), were the ones (still including Choi however) that gave Taekwondo it's concepts. They, together, formed the art of Taekwondo. But most people, probably because they feel there should be a single founder, give this credit to Choi.
Hapkido
Hapkido's will always go back to Grand Master Choi Yong Sul. Regardless of the name Hapkido, or the introduction of kicks and hard strikes, Choi is the man who brought this concept and art to Korea. The controversy here is how he originally learned it. Hapkido originally is a virtual duplicate of the Japanese style Daito Ryu Aiki Jujutsu. The claim that is seems Choi made was that he learn Daito Ryu from Takeda, while he lived in Japan has his servant, and eventually adopted son. However, the Takeda family has no memory of Choi ever even being there, let alone being adopted by Takeda himself and learning from him. At the time the Japanese ruled over the Koreans, so having a well respected Japanese master adopt a Korean would be shameful. There is certain indication though, that Choi may have learned from an assistant instructor under Takeda, or that he attended seminars for Daito Ryu.
Haedong Kumdo
This is the most recent, and probably most extravagant of the controversies. Two men formed Haedong Kumdo after learning a few other sword styles including some other martial arts. They formed a story that very directly said that Japan never had any ideals of sword training. They said that ancient Korean masters formed Haedong Kumdo, and taught it to elite warriors called the Samurang (huh, sound like Samurai? [ie, Korean translation]). They said that once Japan came to Korea they picked up the aspects of the Samurang and formed Kendo. There is other controversy on some of their other claims, but it is for the most part now undisputed that they were lying.
Nonetheless though, I should say that in my opinion I actually feel like Haedong Kumdo has some worthy aspects. Compared to traditional Kendo of course it looks flashy. But to me it does a very good job of teaching extension and control. Just sayin.
The main reason for a lot of the stories behind these style's histories is for the sake of making the style and it's founder look better. To make it more popular. No doubt it's political. Yep.